What can be a consequence of theophylline levels greater than 20 mcg/mL?

Theophylline is a bronchodilator commonly used in the management of asthma and COPD. Therapeutic levels of theophylline typically range from 5 to 20 mcg/mL. When the serum theophylline levels exceed 20 mcg/mL, the risk of side effects and toxicity increases significantly. Severe toxicity can manifest through various symptoms, including seizures, arrhythmias, and even hypotension.

As the concentration of the drug rises, it may disrupt normal cellular processes leading to overstimulation of the central nervous system and the cardiovascular system. This is why levels greater than 20 mcg/mL are concerning and may result in serious health consequences, making severe toxicity the most critical complication at this elevated concentration. Monitoring theophylline levels is crucial to avoid reaching this toxic threshold, emphasizing the importance of adhering to prescribed doses and regular blood tests to ensure patient safety.