What is an adverse drug reaction associated with short-term use of oral corticosteroids?

Short-term use of oral corticosteroids can lead to fluid retention, which is a common adverse drug reaction. Corticosteroids can affect the balance of electrolytes and fluids in the body by increasing sodium retention and promoting potassium excretion. This can result in symptoms such as swelling or edema, weight gain, and elevated blood pressure due to increased volume of fluid in the circulatory system. While other options may be associated with various medications or conditions, fluid retention specifically aligns with the pharmacological effects of corticosteroids during short-term treatment. This effect is particularly important for clinicians to monitor to prevent complications in patients, especially those with underlying cardiovascular issues.